Model comparison
Gemma 3 1B vs GPT-4.1 nano
GPT-4.1 nano is the stronger model overall, scoring 27.7 to 20.7 on the Noometry Index.
Last verified . 3 shared benchmarks.
GoogleSummary
- They share 3 benchmarks with published results for both. Gemma 3 1B scores higher in 1 category and GPT-4.1 nano in 3 categories; 4 gaps are clear of the uncertainty.
- The widest gap is in math, where GPT-4.1 nano leads 25.5 to 9.6.
- The biggest single-benchmark swing is GPQA Diamond: 19.9% for Gemma 3 1B and 48.9% for GPT-4.1 nano.
- Gemma 3 1B has downloadable open weights; the other is API-only.
Side by side
| Gemma 3 1B | GPT-4.1 nano | |
|---|---|---|
| Provider | OpenAI | |
| Noometry Index | 20.7 | 27.7 |
| Released | 2025-03-12 | 2025-04-14 |
| Weights | Open | Proprietary |
| Context window | — | 1.05M |
| Max output | — | 33K |
| Input $ / M tokens | — | $0.10 |
| Output $ / M tokens | — | $0.40 |
| Results tracked | 4 | 38 |
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Category by category
Coding Not comparable
Gemma 3 1B: —, GPT-4.1 nano: 23.8 (#325)
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 1B | GPT-4.1 nano |
|---|---|---|
| Aider Polyglot | — | 8.9% |
| SciCode | — | 25.9% |
| WeirdML | — | 19% |
| LMArena Coding | — | 1306 |
Agentic & Tool Use GPT-4.1 nano leads
Gemma 3 1B: 13.5 (#144), GPT-4.1 nano: 26.3 (#98)
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 1B | GPT-4.1 nano |
|---|---|---|
| Berkeley Function Calling Leaderboard | 7.2% | 33% |
Reasoning Gemma 3 1B leads
Gemma 3 1B: 18.5 (#260), GPT-4.1 nano: 8.6 (#344)
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 1B | GPT-4.1 nano |
|---|---|---|
| ARC-AGI-2 | — | 0% |
| Kagi LLM Benchmark | — | 33.3% |
| ARC-AGI-1 | — | 0% |
| CritPt | — | 0% |
| Chess Puzzles | 0% | — |
| LMArena Hard Prompts | — | 1286 |
| DTBench | — | 52.5% |
| LMCA | — | 5.5% |
| Epoch Capabilities Index | — | 129.62 |
Math GPT-4.1 nano leads
Gemma 3 1B: 9.6 (#310), GPT-4.1 nano: 25.5 (#246)
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 1B | GPT-4.1 nano |
|---|---|---|
| OTIS Mock AIME 2024-2025 | 1.1% | 28.9% |
| Omni-MATH | — | 36.7% |
| LMArena Math | — | 1274 |
| MATH Level 5 | — | 70% |
| FrontierMath (Feb 2025 set) | — | 1% |
Knowledge GPT-4.1 nano leads
Gemma 3 1B: 7.1 (#309), GPT-4.1 nano: 21.8 (#268)
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 1B | GPT-4.1 nano |
|---|---|---|
| GPQA Diamond | 19.9% | 48.9% |
| SimpleQA Verified | — | 6% |
| MMLU-Pro | — | 55% |
| GPQA (HELM) | — | 50.7% |
| LMArena Expert | — | 1272 |
Multimodal Not comparable
Gemma 3 1B: —, GPT-4.1 nano: 28.6 (#108)
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 1B | GPT-4.1 nano |
|---|---|---|
| LMArena Vision | — | 1063 |
Multilingual Not comparable
Gemma 3 1B: —, GPT-4.1 nano: 41.8 (#200)
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 1B | GPT-4.1 nano |
|---|---|---|
| LMArena Non-English | — | 1260 |
| LMArena Chinese | — | 1270 |
| LMArena German | — | 1288 |
| LMArena Japanese | — | 1199 |
| LMArena Russian | — | 1261 |
Instruction Following Not comparable
Gemma 3 1B: —, GPT-4.1 nano: 68.0 (#188)
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 1B | GPT-4.1 nano |
|---|---|---|
| IFEval | — | 84.3% |
| LMArena Instruction Following | — | 1267 |
Long Context Not comparable
Gemma 3 1B: —, GPT-4.1 nano: 23.7 (#291)
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 1B | GPT-4.1 nano |
|---|---|---|
| Fiction.LiveBench | — | 25% |
| LMArena Longer Query | — | 1283 |
Writing & Preference Not comparable
Gemma 3 1B: —, GPT-4.1 nano: 40.7 (#238)
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 1B | GPT-4.1 nano |
|---|---|---|
| LMArena Text | — | 1285 |
| LMArena Creative Writing | — | 1260 |
| EQ-Bench Creative Writing | — | 946 |
| WildBench | — | 81.2% |
| LMArena Multi-Turn | — | 1277 |
Frequently asked questions
Is Gemma 3 1B better than GPT-4.1 nano?
GPT-4.1 nano is the stronger model overall, scoring 27.7 to 20.7 on the Noometry Index.
How many benchmarks do Gemma 3 1B and GPT-4.1 nano share?
3 benchmarks have published results for both models. Gemma 3 1B has 4 scored results on Noometry and GPT-4.1 nano has 38.