Model comparison
Gemma 3 1B vs GPT-5.4 mini
GPT-5.4 mini is the stronger model overall, scoring 45.0 to 21.1 on the Noometry Index.
Last verified . 3 shared benchmarks.
GoogleSummary
- They share 3 benchmarks with published results for both. Gemma 3 1B scores higher in 0 categories and GPT-5.4 mini in 4 categories; 4 gaps are clear of the uncertainty.
- The widest gap is in knowledge, where GPT-5.4 mini leads 51.5 to 7.0.
- The biggest single-benchmark swing is OTIS Mock AIME 2024-2025: 1.1% for Gemma 3 1B and 88.9% for GPT-5.4 mini.
- Gemma 3 1B has downloadable open weights; the other is API-only.
Side by side
| Gemma 3 1B | GPT-5.4 mini | |
|---|---|---|
| Provider | OpenAI | |
| Noometry Index | 21.1 | 45.0 |
| Released | 2025-03-12 | 2026-03-17 |
| Weights | Open | Proprietary |
| Context window | — | 400K |
| Max output | — | 128K |
| Input $ / M tokens | — | $0.75 |
| Output $ / M tokens | — | $4.50 |
| Results tracked | 4 | 46 |
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Category by category
Coding Not comparable
Gemma 3 1B: —, GPT-5.4 mini: 45.2 (#72)
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 1B | GPT-5.4 mini |
|---|---|---|
| FrontierCode | — | 27% |
| LMArena WebDev | — | 1397 |
| SciCode | — | 49.9% |
| WeirdML | — | 60.3% |
| LMArena Coding | — | 1438 |
| ALE-Bench | — | 1,189 |
Agentic & Tool Use GPT-5.4 mini leads
Gemma 3 1B: 13.7 (#152), GPT-5.4 mini: 29.9 (#81)
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 1B | GPT-5.4 mini |
|---|---|---|
| Berkeley Function Calling Leaderboard | 7.2% | — |
| DeepResearch Bench | — | 36.3% |
Reasoning GPT-5.4 mini leads
Gemma 3 1B: 19.2 (#264), GPT-5.4 mini: 30.4 (#85)
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 1B | GPT-5.4 mini |
|---|---|---|
| Chess Puzzles | 0% | 24% |
| ARC-AGI-2 | — | 18.9% |
| Kagi LLM Benchmark | — | 37.9% |
| NYT Connections (extended) | — | 61.8% |
| ARC-AGI-1 | — | 63.7% |
| CritPt | — | 10% |
| Thematic Generalization | — | 61.7% |
| LMArena Hard Prompts | — | 1424 |
| Mystery Game Puzzles | — | 11% |
| DTBench | — | 80% |
| LMCA | — | 40.8% |
| Epoch Capabilities Index | — | 148.84 |
| ForecastBench | — | 57 |
Math GPT-5.4 mini leads
Gemma 3 1B: 10.2 (#316), GPT-5.4 mini: 45.5 (#75)
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 1B | GPT-5.4 mini |
|---|---|---|
| OTIS Mock AIME 2024-2025 | 1.1% | 88.9% |
| FrontierMath (Tiers 1-3) | — | 51.2% |
| FrontierMath Tier 4 | — | 9.8% |
| ProofBench | — | 21% |
| LMArena Math | — | 1419 |
| FrontierMath (Feb 2025 set) | — | 28.3% |
| FrontierMath Tier 4 (v1) | — | 2.1% |
Knowledge GPT-5.4 mini leads
Gemma 3 1B: 7.0 (#314), GPT-5.4 mini: 51.5 (#67)
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 1B | GPT-5.4 mini |
|---|---|---|
| GPQA Diamond | 19.9% | 86.9% |
| SimpleQA Verified | — | 29.4% |
| Vectara Hallucination Rate | — | 5.5% |
| LMArena Expert | — | 1435 |
Multimodal Not comparable
Gemma 3 1B: —, GPT-5.4 mini: 39.7 (#56)
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 1B | GPT-5.4 mini |
|---|---|---|
| LMArena Vision | — | 1245 |
Multilingual Not comparable
Gemma 3 1B: —, GPT-5.4 mini: 51.9 (#96)
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 1B | GPT-5.4 mini |
|---|---|---|
| LMArena Non-English | — | 1405 |
| LMArena Chinese | — | 1446 |
| LMArena French | — | 1440 |
| LMArena German | — | 1409 |
| LMArena Japanese | — | 1374 |
| LMArena Korean | — | 1368 |
| LMArena Russian | — | 1417 |
| LMArena Spanish | — | 1405 |
Instruction Following Not comparable
Gemma 3 1B: —, GPT-5.4 mini: 74.1 (#102)
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 1B | GPT-5.4 mini |
|---|---|---|
| LMArena Instruction Following | — | 1405 |
Long Context Not comparable
Gemma 3 1B: —, GPT-5.4 mini: 43.0 (#112)
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 1B | GPT-5.4 mini |
|---|---|---|
| LMArena Longer Query | — | 1407 |
Writing & Preference Not comparable
Gemma 3 1B: —, GPT-5.4 mini: 64.0 (#58)
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 1B | GPT-5.4 mini |
|---|---|---|
| LMArena Text | — | 1412 |
| LMArena Creative Writing | — | 1370 |
| EQ-Bench Creative Writing | — | 1665 |
| LMArena Multi-Turn | — | 1429 |
Frequently asked questions
Is Gemma 3 1B better than GPT-5.4 mini?
GPT-5.4 mini is the stronger model overall, scoring 45.0 to 21.1 on the Noometry Index.
How many benchmarks do Gemma 3 1B and GPT-5.4 mini share?
3 benchmarks have published results for both models. Gemma 3 1B has 4 scored results on Noometry and GPT-5.4 mini has 46.