Model comparison
GPT-4.1 vs o3-pro
o3-pro is the stronger model overall, scoring 42.9 to 35.9 on the Noometry Index. GPT-4.1 costs 10× less per token, which makes it the better buy when o3-pro's lead doesn't matter for your workload.
Last verified . 10 shared benchmarks.
Summary
- They share 10 benchmarks with published results for both. GPT-4.1 scores higher in 2 categories and o3-pro in 3 categories; 4 gaps are clear of the uncertainty.
- The widest gap is in long context, where o3-pro leads 72.2 to 40.0.
- The biggest single-benchmark swing is ARC-AGI-1: 5.5% for GPT-4.1 and 59.3% for o3-pro.
- GPT-4.1 is cheaper at $2 / $8 per million input/output tokens, against $20 / $80 for o3-pro.
- GPT-4.1 accepts more context: 1.05M tokens versus 200K.
Side by side
| GPT-4.1 | o3-pro | |
|---|---|---|
| Provider | OpenAI | OpenAI |
| Noometry Index | 35.9 | 42.9 |
| Released | 2025-04-14 | 2025-06-10 |
| Weights | Proprietary | Proprietary |
| Context window | 1.05M | 200K |
| Max output | 33K | 100K |
| Input $ / M tokens | $2 | $20 |
| Output $ / M tokens | $8 | $80 |
| Results tracked | 52 | 12 |
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Category by category
Coding o3-pro leads
GPT-4.1: 34.4 (#238), o3-pro: 55.5 (#24)
| Benchmark | GPT-4.1 | o3-pro |
|---|---|---|
| Aider Polyglot | 52.4% | 84.9% |
| WeirdML | 39% | 58.2% |
| SWE-bench Verified | 48.5% | — |
| SWE-bench Verified (bash only) | 39.6% | — |
| LMArena Coding | 1391 | — |
| CadEval | 42% | — |
| ALE-Bench | 558.1 | — |
Agentic & Tool Use Not comparable
GPT-4.1: 34.7 (#43), o3-pro: —
| Benchmark | GPT-4.1 | o3-pro |
|---|---|---|
| Berkeley Function Calling Leaderboard | 54% | — |
Reasoning o3-pro leads
GPT-4.1: 11.7 (#339), o3-pro: 23.8 (#171)
| Benchmark | GPT-4.1 | o3-pro |
|---|---|---|
| ARC-AGI-2 | 0.4% | 4.9% |
| Kagi LLM Benchmark | 52.3% | 72.1% |
| ARC-AGI-1 | 5.5% | 59.3% |
| DTBench | 68.3% | 86.9% |
| LMCA | 25.6% | 38.5% |
| Epoch Capabilities Index | 136.78 | 147.42 |
| SimpleBench | 27% | — |
| Chess Puzzles | 6% | — |
| EnigmaEval | 2.2% | — |
| LMArena Hard Prompts | 1384 | — |
| ForecastBench | 61.5 | — |
Math Not comparable
GPT-4.1: 22.3 (#280), o3-pro: —
| Benchmark | GPT-4.1 | o3-pro |
|---|---|---|
| FrontierMath (Tiers 1-3) | 6% | — |
| OTIS Mock AIME 2024-2025 | 38.3% | — |
| Omni-MATH | 47.1% | — |
| LMArena Math | 1370 | — |
| MATH Level 5 | 83% | — |
| FrontierMath (Feb 2025 set) | 5.5% | — |
| FrontierMath Tier 4 (v1) | 0% | — |
Knowledge GPT-4.1 leads
GPT-4.1: 37.1 (#160), o3-pro: 29.5 (#238)
| Benchmark | GPT-4.1 | o3-pro |
|---|---|---|
| Vectara Hallucination Rate | 5.6% | 23.3% |
| GPQA Diamond | 66.9% | — |
| Humanity's Last Exam | 5.4% | — |
| SimpleQA Verified | 31.1% | — |
| MMLU-Pro | 81.1% | — |
| Confabulations | — | 14.2% |
| GPQA (HELM) | 65.9% | — |
| LMArena Expert | 1364 | — |
Multimodal Not comparable
GPT-4.1: 38.2 (#67), o3-pro: —
| Benchmark | GPT-4.1 | o3-pro |
|---|---|---|
| LMArena Vision | 1211 | — |
| GeoBench | 72% | — |
Multilingual Not comparable
GPT-4.1: 49.4 (#133), o3-pro: —
| Benchmark | GPT-4.1 | o3-pro |
|---|---|---|
| LMArena Non-English | 1370 | — |
| LMArena Chinese | 1382 | — |
| LMArena French | 1382 | — |
| LMArena German | 1381 | — |
| LMArena Japanese | 1319 | — |
| LMArena Korean | 1339 | — |
| LMArena Russian | 1377 | — |
| LMArena Spanish | 1376 | — |
Instruction Following Not comparable
GPT-4.1: 71.3 (#153), o3-pro: —
| Benchmark | GPT-4.1 | o3-pro |
|---|---|---|
| IFEval | 83.8% | — |
| LMArena Instruction Following | 1367 | — |
Long Context o3-pro leads
GPT-4.1: 40.0 (#163), o3-pro: 72.2 (#1)
| Benchmark | GPT-4.1 | o3-pro |
|---|---|---|
| Fiction.LiveBench | 63.9% | 97.2% |
| LMArena Longer Query | 1385 | — |
Writing & Preference Too close to call
GPT-4.1: 57.6 (#125), o3-pro: 57.1 (#133)
| Benchmark | GPT-4.1 | o3-pro |
|---|---|---|
| LMArena Text | 1383 | — |
| LMArena Creative Writing | 1363 | — |
| Short-Story Creative Writing | — | 84.4% |
| EQ-Bench Creative Writing | 1420 | — |
| WildBench | 85.4% | — |
| LMArena Multi-Turn | 1398 | — |
Frequently asked questions
Is GPT-4.1 better than o3-pro?
o3-pro is the stronger model overall, scoring 42.9 to 35.9 on the Noometry Index. GPT-4.1 costs 10× less per token, which makes it the better buy when o3-pro's lead doesn't matter for your workload.
Which is cheaper, GPT-4.1 or o3-pro?
GPT-4.1 is cheaper. It lists at $2 per million input tokens and $8 per million output tokens; o3-pro lists at $20 and $80.
Is GPT-4.1 or o3-pro better for coding?
o3-pro scores higher on coding benchmarks: 55.5 versus 34.4 in the Noometry coding category.
Which has the bigger context window?
GPT-4.1 does, with 1.05M tokens against 200K.
How many benchmarks do GPT-4.1 and o3-pro share?
10 benchmarks have published results for both models. GPT-4.1 has 52 scored results on Noometry and o3-pro has 12.