Model comparison
Gemma 3 12B vs GPT-5.4 Pro
GPT-5.4 Pro is the stronger model overall, scoring 58.9 to 32.1 on the Noometry Index. Gemma 3 12B costs 900× less per token, which makes it the better buy when GPT-5.4 Pro's lead doesn't matter for your workload.
Last verified . 5 shared benchmarks.
GoogleSummary
- They share 5 benchmarks with published results for both. Gemma 3 12B scores higher in 0 categories and GPT-5.4 Pro in 4 categories; 4 gaps are clear of the uncertainty.
- The widest gap is in reasoning, where GPT-5.4 Pro leads 70.7 to 15.7.
- The biggest single-benchmark swing is Chess Puzzles: 0% for Gemma 3 12B and 58.6% for GPT-5.4 Pro.
- Gemma 3 12B is cheaper at $0.05 / $0.15 per million input/output tokens, against $30 / $180 for GPT-5.4 Pro.
- GPT-5.4 Pro accepts more context: 1.05M tokens versus 131K.
- Gemma 3 12B has downloadable open weights; the other is API-only.
Side by side
| Gemma 3 12B | GPT-5.4 Pro | |
|---|---|---|
| Provider | OpenAI | |
| Noometry Index | 32.1 | 58.9 |
| Released | 2025-03-12 | 2026-03-05 |
| Weights | Open | Proprietary |
| Context window | 131K | 1.05M |
| Max output | 8K | 128K |
| Input $ / M tokens | $0.05 | $30 |
| Output $ / M tokens | $0.15 | $180 |
| Results tracked | 24 | 16 |
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Category by category
Coding GPT-5.4 Pro leads
Gemma 3 12B: 31.7 (#280), GPT-5.4 Pro: 43.2 (#90)
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 12B | GPT-5.4 Pro |
|---|---|---|
| SciCode | 17.4% | — |
| WeirdML | — | 57.4% |
| LMArena Coding | 1281 | — |
Agentic & Tool Use Not comparable
Gemma 3 12B: 25.5 (#108), GPT-5.4 Pro: —
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 12B | GPT-5.4 Pro |
|---|---|---|
| Berkeley Function Calling Leaderboard | 30.4% | — |
Reasoning GPT-5.4 Pro leads
Gemma 3 12B: 15.7 (#313), GPT-5.4 Pro: 70.7 (#13)
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 12B | GPT-5.4 Pro |
|---|---|---|
| CritPt | 0% | 30% |
| Chess Puzzles | 0% | 58.6% |
| Epoch Capabilities Index | 123.5 | 158.93 |
| ARC-AGI-2 | — | 83.3% |
| SimpleBench | — | 74.1% |
| ARC-AGI-1 | — | 94.5% |
| EnigmaEval | — | 23.8% |
| LMArena Hard Prompts | 1309 | — |
| DTBench | 48.8% | — |
| LMCA | 4.5% | — |
Math GPT-5.4 Pro leads
Gemma 3 12B: 22.3 (#279), GPT-5.4 Pro: 72.4 (#22)
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 12B | GPT-5.4 Pro |
|---|---|---|
| FrontierMath (Tiers 1-3) | — | 82.5% |
| FrontierMath Tier 4 | — | 58.5% |
| OTIS Mock AIME 2024-2025 | 16.7% | — |
| LMArena Math | 1307 | — |
| FrontierMath (Feb 2025 set) | — | 50% |
| FrontierMath Tier 4 (v1) | — | 37.5% |
Knowledge GPT-5.4 Pro leads
Gemma 3 12B: 26.5 (#257), GPT-5.4 Pro: 68.3 (#7)
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 12B | GPT-5.4 Pro |
|---|---|---|
| GPQA Diamond | 39.5% | 94.6% |
| Vectara Hallucination Rate | 4.4% | 8.3% |
| Humanity's Last Exam | — | 44.3% |
| SimpleQA Verified | — | 46.3% |
| LMArena Expert | 1248 | — |
Multimodal Not comparable
Gemma 3 12B: —, GPT-5.4 Pro: —
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 12B | GPT-5.4 Pro |
|---|---|---|
| MindCube | 46.7% | — |
Multilingual Not comparable
Gemma 3 12B: 45.7 (#165), GPT-5.4 Pro: —
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 12B | GPT-5.4 Pro |
|---|---|---|
| LMArena Non-English | 1318 | — |
| LMArena German | 1370 | — |
| LMArena Russian | 1335 | — |
Instruction Following Not comparable
Gemma 3 12B: 68.6 (#186), GPT-5.4 Pro: —
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 12B | GPT-5.4 Pro |
|---|---|---|
| LMArena Instruction Following | 1299 | — |
Long Context Not comparable
Gemma 3 12B: 40.0 (#162), GPT-5.4 Pro: —
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 12B | GPT-5.4 Pro |
|---|---|---|
| LMArena Longer Query | 1317 | — |
Writing & Preference Not comparable
Gemma 3 12B: 47.5 (#209), GPT-5.4 Pro: —
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 12B | GPT-5.4 Pro |
|---|---|---|
| LMArena Text | 1334 | — |
| LMArena Creative Writing | 1331 | — |
| EQ-Bench Creative Writing | 1126 | — |
| LMArena Multi-Turn | 1334 | — |
Frequently asked questions
Is Gemma 3 12B better than GPT-5.4 Pro?
GPT-5.4 Pro is the stronger model overall, scoring 58.9 to 32.1 on the Noometry Index. Gemma 3 12B costs 900× less per token, which makes it the better buy when GPT-5.4 Pro's lead doesn't matter for your workload.
Which is cheaper, Gemma 3 12B or GPT-5.4 Pro?
Gemma 3 12B is cheaper. It lists at $0.05 per million input tokens and $0.15 per million output tokens; GPT-5.4 Pro lists at $30 and $180.
Is Gemma 3 12B or GPT-5.4 Pro better for coding?
GPT-5.4 Pro scores higher on coding benchmarks: 43.2 versus 31.7 in the Noometry coding category.
Which has the bigger context window?
GPT-5.4 Pro does, with 1.05M tokens against 131K.
How many benchmarks do Gemma 3 12B and GPT-5.4 Pro share?
5 benchmarks have published results for both models. Gemma 3 12B has 24 scored results on Noometry and GPT-5.4 Pro has 16.